Deep-well tool



June 24, 1930. c. A. LANGSTAFF' 1,766,177

' DEEP WELL TOOL Filed May 27, 1929 CMbn CZ. am

Patented June 24, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE CLINTON A. LANGSTAFF, or Eswrnonnn, OCALIFORNIA Y DEEP-WELL TOOL Application filed May 27, 1929.. Serial'No. 366,120.

string. For this reason the invention can be applied to the three types of tools referred to above.

The general object of the invention is to produce a deep well tool of simple construction in which the outwardly movable tool members can be readily moved outwardly at will by a simple rotation of the tool string.

A further object of the invention is to construct the tool so that each tool member or slip will be controlled only by its own controlling means on the mandrel of .the device, and not by the means that controls the other'slips.

Further objects of the inventionwill appear hereinafter. p v

The invention consists in the novel parts and combinations of parts to be described hereinafter, all of which contribute to produce an eflicientdeep well tool.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is described in the following specification, while the broad scope of the invention is pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings v Figure '1 is a vertical section through acasing and representing my device partially in elevation and partially in section. .In this view the invention is illustrated as applied to a casing spear or back-off tool.

Figure 2 isa cross-section taken on the line 22 of Figure 1. I

Figure 3 is a cross-section taken about on the line 3-3 of Figure'l. I

In practicing the invention as applied to a casing spear, I provide a head 1 having means such as the tapered pin 2 at its upper end for attaching the'same to the lower end 3 of a tool string. The lower end of the head 1 carries a mandrel 4 that extends supports a swivel collar 6 on the mandrel.

swivel collar.

' members.

The swivel collar is constructed so that it may have a limited angular movement around the vertical central axis of the tool. F or this purpose the inner edge of the collar 6 is formed with a counter-bore recess 7 that extends through about 180 and this recess cooperates with a pin 8 that projects out radially from the face of the collar..

The ends of the arcuate recess 7 therefore present two shoulders, 9 and 10, which will engage the pin 8 and limit the rotation ofthe swivel collar in each direction.

The collar 6 supports a plurality of tool members which, in the present instance, are

a in the form of slip carriers 11 connected by.

horizontal pivot pins 12 between lugs 13 extending down from the lower end of the These pivot pins 12 permit the slips 11 to swing outwardly in a radial plane. Each slip carrier 11 is provided on its outer face with a dovetail guide groove 14 which carries a slip 15. The outer face of each slip is provided with teeth or wickers 16 for engaging the inner face of a casing 17.

The mandrel 4 is provided with means corresponding to each of the tool members 11, in the presentinstance three in number. i

This means is in the form of three cams 18, each cam being in the form of an eccentric and the axes of eccentricity of these cams are located 120 apart tocorrespond with the. same relative location of the three tool members 11. Each cam 18 corresponds to one tool member and engages the same but does not engage any of the other tool In other words, the inner faces of' the tool members are cut away as indi 'cated at 19 to prevent their engagement with the cams with which they do not cooperate. The lower endof the mandrel 4 may be provided with a bowl 20 which is tapered in a downward direction to facilitate the entrance of the spear into the upper end of the casing. v v

In using the tool as a casing spear, the thread on the pin 2 and on the tool string 'can be right-hand thread. The pin 8 would be placed on the collar '5 in such a way that when the pin 8ri's up against the shoulder 9 (see Figure 2) the cams will permit the slip carriers 11 to occupy an inwardly folded or withdrawn position.

When the spar is introduced into the casing to be pulled, the slip carriers are in their extended position and the slips 15 are located near the upper ends of their slots 14. When 7 the spear is pulled upwardly, the slips will of course bite into the bore of the casing. If the casing cannot be pulled then the spear can be released by a slight rotation which will permit the slip carrier 11 to swing inwardly.

The pins 12 are preferably loose in the is taken on the bowl and not on the pins.

This is most advantageous and enables the spear to have a very high lifting capacity.

. folded position.

Where the invention is applied to a backoff tool, the construction would be substantially the same as that indicated in the drawin s, but the thread of the pin 2 would be le -hand thread and the thread of the tool string wouldbe left-hand thread. The tool would then be constructed so that the in 8 would be up against the shoulder 10 when the slip carriers are in their collapsed or With that arrangement, by a left-hand rotation of the tool string, the slip carriers 11 would be moved outwardly so as to lock the slips against the casing and a continued left-hand rotation would unscrewt-he section of casing to which the back-off tool was attached.

In applying the invention to an underreamer, the construction of the tool would be substantially the same as that illustrated exce t that the mandrel 4 would not carry the owl 20, and instead of carrying slips 15, the tool members 11 would be constructed to carry underreamer tools or cutters.

It is understood that the embodiment of the invention described herein is only one of the many embodiments this invention may take, and I do not wish to be limited in the practice of the invention, nor in the claims, to the particular embodiment set forth.

- What I claim is:

1. In a deep well tool, the co ibination of a head having means for securing the same to the lower end of a tool string, a collar-associated with the head with means permitting a limited angular movement of the collar on the axis of the head, a mandrel extending down from the head, a plurality of tool members movably,- supported on the collar, and means on the mandrel corresponding to, and engaging, each tool member, and operating by a relative rotation of the mandrel, to move the tool members outwardly or inwardly. I

vthe inner face of a'casing, a

2. In a deep well tool, the combination of a head having means for securing the same to the lower end of a tool'string, a collar associated with the head with means permitting a limited angular movement of the collar on the axis ,of the head, a mandrel extending down from the head, a plurality of tool members movably supported on the collar, a cam on the mandrel corresponding to, and engaging, each tool member, and operating by a relative rotation of the mandrel, to move the tool members outwardly or inwardly.

3. In a deep well tool,-the combination of a head having means for securing the same to the lower end of a tool string, a collar associated with the head with means permitting a limited angular movement of the collar on the axis of the head, a mandrel extending down from the head, a plurality of tool members movably supported on the collar, a cam on a mandrel corresponding to, and engaging, each tool .member, and operating when a relative rotatlon of the mandrel occurs, to move the tool members inwardly, the tool members not corresponding' to a certain cam being cut away on them facesadjacent the cams to enable them to engage only one cam.

4. In a deep well tool, 'the combination of a head having means for securing the same to the lower end of a tool string, a collar associated with the head with means preventing relative longitudinal movement of the collar but permitting a limited angular movement of the collar on the axis of the head, a mandrel extending down from the head, a pluralit of tool \fnembers movably supported on t 1e collar, a plurality of cams onthe mandrel corresponding respectively to the tool members, said cams and tool members cooperating so that each tool member is engaged and controlled by only one of the said cams.

5. In a casing spearand back-off tool, the combination of a head having means for securing the' same to the lower end of a tool string, a collar mounted on the head for 1'0- tation 8n the vertical axes of the head, means permitting a limited angular rotation of the collar on the head, a mandrel extending plurality of slip carriers pivotally supported on the-collar and having slips for engaging lurality of cams on the mandrel correspon ing respectively to the slip carriers, each slip carrier being cut awa on its inner face to engage only one of said cams.-

6. In a deep well tool, the combination of ahead having means for securing the same to the lower end of a tool string, a collar as'soiiated with the head with means permitting. a limited angular movement of the collar on the axis of the head, a mandrel extending down from the head, a plurality of tool members having loose pivotal sup ports at their upper ends on the collar, means on the mandrel corresponding to and engaging each tool member and operating when a relative rotation of the mandrel occurs to move the tool members outwardly, and means attached to the lower end of the mandrel and engaging the ends of the tool members to take the downward thrust exerted on the tool members.

7. In a casing spear, the combination of a head having means for securing the same to the lower end of a tool string, a collar mounted on the head for rotation on the vertical axis of the head, means permitting a limiting angular rotation of the collar on the head, a mandrel extending down from the head and rigid therewith, a plurality of slip carriers having loose pivotal connections on the collar at their upper ends and having slips provided to slide longitudinally on their outer faces for engaging the inner face of a casing, means on the mandrel corresponding respectively to the slip carriers for movin the slip carriers outwardly and capable o permitting the slip carriers to swing inwardly to release the spear, and a bowl carried by the lower'end of the mandrel receiving the downward thrust upon the slip carriers.

8. In a casing spear, the combination of a head having means for securing the same to the lower end of a tool string, a mandrel extending down from the head with abowl attached to the lower end of the same, a plurality of slip carriers loosely attached pivotally to the head and capable of swinging outwardly and inwardly, slips carried by the carriers/for engaging the inner side of" the casing, means for releasably supporting the slip carriers in a position inclined outwardly toward their lower ends, the lower ends of said slip carriers engaging the bowl and operating to impart the lifting thrust from the slips tothe bowl.

9. In a deep well tool, the combination of a head having means for securing the same to the lower end of a tool string, a collar associated with the head with means permitting a limited an lar movement of the collar on the axis 0 the head, a mandrel extending down from the head, a plurality of tool'members separate from, and movably supported on, the collar, and means on the mandrel corresponding to, and *engaging, each tool member, and operating by a relative rotation of the mandrel to move the tool members outwardly or inwardly.

10. In a deep" well tool, the combination of a head having means for securing the same to the lower end of a tool string, a collar associated with the head with means perextending down from the head, a plurality of tool members separate from, and movaBly supported on, the collar, a cam on the mandrel corresponding to, and engaging, each tool member, and operating by a relative rotation of the mandrel to move the tool members outwardly or inwardly.

Signed at Hawthorne, Califi, this 15th day of May, 1929." v CLINTON A. LANGSTAFF.

mitting a limited angular movement of the I collar on the axis of the head, a mandrel 

